DAT|邏輯門 Logic Gate|S2 科技原理 Technological Principles

邏輯門 Logic Gate 用於對輸入信號進行邏輯運算並生成相應的輸出信號。邏輯門的輸入和輸出一般採用只有「0」或「1」的邏輯值 ;「0」可以用來代表「假」,「1」可以用來代表「真」。
常見邏輯門概覽

「與」門 AND Gate
當兩個輸入都是「1」「真」時,輸出才會是「1」「真」。

參考試題:2024-DAT-P1-Q2(a)(i) & (ii)
電子門鎖設有雙重驗證。在密碼正確(信號為邏輯值「1」)和指紋正確下(信號為邏輯值「1」),伺服馬達才會運作使門鎖解鎖(信號為邏輯值「1」)。完成以下真值表,以展示電子門鎖的運作邏輯。
Two-factor authentication is used for the electronic door lock. When the password is correct (signal is logic value ‘1’) and the fingerprint is correct (signal is logic value ‘1’), the servo-motor will operate to unlock the door lock (signal is logic value ‘1’). Complete the follow truth table to show the operating logic of the electronic door lock.

參考試題:2023-DAT-P1-Q2(a)(i)
自動感應燈設有光敏感應器和動態感應器,燈只會在昏暗環境下(信號為邏輯值「0」),和探測到有人移動(信號為邏輯值「1」),才會自動亮起(信號為邏輯值「1」)。完成以下真值表,以展示自動感應燈的運作邏輯。
The automatic sensor light has a light sensor and a motion sensor. The light will be on automatically (signal is logic value ‘1’) only when the environment is dark (signal is logic value ‘0’) and a moving human body is detected (signal is logic value ‘1’). Complete the following truth table to show the operating logic of the automatic sensor light.

「或」門 OR Gate
當兩個輸入其中一個是「1」「真」時,輸出便會是「1」「真」。

參考試題:2022-DAT-P1-Q3(c)(i)
安全碰邊和紅外線裝置都是安裝於同一扇升降機門上。當其中一個裝置探測到障礙物時(信號為邏輯值「1」),升降機門便會打開(信號為邏輯值「1」)。完成以下真值表,以展示升降機門開關的運作邏輯。
Safety edge and infrared device are installed on the same elevator door. When one of the devices detects an obstacle (signal is logic value ‘1’), the elevator door will be open (signal is logic value ‘1’). Complete the following truth table to show the operating logic of opening and closing an elevator door.

參考試題:2004-TECH STUD-P1-Q2(e)
家居防盗系統透過收集紅外線感應器及光敏感應器的信號,從而顯示是否有盗賊闖入,繼而發出適當的警報信號。當其中一個感應器探測到盗賊時(信號為邏輯值「1」),警報系統便會啟動(信號為邏輯值「1」)。完成以下真值表,以展示家居防盗系統的運作邏輯。
The home anti-theft system collects signals from infrared sensors and light sensors to indicate whether a thief has broken into the home, and then sends out appropriate alarm signals. When one of the sensors detects a thief (signal is logic value ‘1’), the alarm system is activated (signal is logic value ‘1’). Complete the following truth table to show the operating logic of the home anti-theft system.

「非」門 NOT Gate
當輸入是「1」「真」時,輸出便會是「0」「假」。

例子 Example
在小巴車門監控系統中,當車門未關好(信號為邏輯值「0」),警報會響起(信號為邏輯值「1」)。若車門關閉(信號為邏輯值「1」),系統則會停止警報(信號為邏輯值「0」)。

「或非」門 NOR Gate
當兩個輸入其中一個是「0」「假」時,輸出才會是「1」「真」。

參考試題:2004-TECH STUD-P1-Q2(e)
當啟動乾衣機時,控制邏輯會感應乾衣機門是否關上,和根據使用者預設的乾衣時間,啓動乾衣程序。若乾衣機門未關上(信號為邏輯值「1」),或已到達預設乾衣時間(信號為邏輯值「1」),控制邏輯將停止乾衣機的工作(信號為邏輯值「0」)。完成以下真值表,以展示乾衣程序運作邏輯。
When the dryer is turned on, the control logic checks whether the dryer door is closed and monitors the preset drying time set by the user to initiate the drying process.
If the dryer door is not closed (signal is logic value ‘1’) or the preset drying time has been reached (signal is logic value ‘1’), the control logic will stop the dryer operation (signal is logic value ‘0’). Complete the following truth table to show the operating logic of the dryer.

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